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.profile-mark{width:80px;height:80px;font-size:25px}.article-shell{padding-top:80px;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:22px}.article-tools{flex-direction:row;justify-content:flex-end;gap:25px;order:0}.article-tools button{font-size:22px}.article-main{order:1}.article-main h1{font-size:29px}.article-content{font-size:18px}.author-box{order:2;padding:25px}.author-box p{font-size:14px}.article-summary{padding:16px}.article-content h2{font-size:25px}.topics-list{padding:30px 0 50px}.topics-list h1{font-size:33px;margin:0 0 45px}.topic-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.topic-card img{height:170px}.topic-banner{height:330px}.topic-banner strong{font-size:44px}.topic-banner span{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:2px}.topic-detail header{padding:35px 0}.topic-detail header h1{font-size:30px}.topic-detail blockquote{margin:0 0 40px;padding:20px;font-size:17px}.topic-chapter{padding-bottom:30px}.document{padding:30px 0 50px}.document>h1{font-size:28px}.about-banner{height:160px;gap:10px}.about-banner strong{font-size:37px}.source-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.source-card{padding:15px 0}.search-form>div{gap:0}.search-form button{padding:10px 18px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*{transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}@media print{#main_navbar,.footer,.article-tools,.author-box,.skip-link,#scroll_progress_bar{display:none}.article-shell{display:block;padding-top:0}.container{width:100%;max-width:none}.article-cover img{max-height:250px;object-fit:contain}a{color:#000!important}.article-content{font-size:12pt}.article-toc{display:none}}
.verdict{border-left:4px solid var(--blue);background:#f5f6fb;padding:20px 24px;margin:30px 0}.verdict strong{color:var(--blue);font-size:15px}.verdict p{font-size:19px;margin:8px 0 12px}.verdict small{color:#666}

/* Matched mobile reference composition and readable footer wordmark. */
@media(max-width:800px){.navbar .mobile_hamb{margin-left:0}.overlay-section .post-body{color:#fff}.overlay-section .post-tags{color:#e0e3ee}.overlay-section a:hover{color:#fff}}
@media(max-width:800px){.mobile_hamb{order:0}.navbar>.brand{order:1;margin-right:auto}.search-btn{order:2}.nav-pill{order:3}.full-carousel,.carousel-item{height:536px}.topslider-box{padding-top:184px}.topslider-title{font-size:28px;margin-bottom:0;-webkit-line-clamp:3}.topslider-content{display:none}.topslider-indicators{top:36px}.overlay-section{margin-top:-188px}.overlay-section .post{flex:0 0 40%}.overlay-section .post-body{padding-top:10px}.overlay-section .post h3{font-size:16px}.overlay-section .post-meta{display:none}.footer .brand,.layout-home .footer .brand{color:#fff}}

@media(max-width:800px){.overlay-section .post{background:#07131d}.overlay-section .post-body{background:#07131d;padding:10px}}

.photo-credits{padding-left:24px}.photo-credits li{padding:14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5}.photo-credits h2{font-size:20px;margin:0}.photo-credits p{margin:4px 0}.photo-credits a,.article-cover figcaption a{color:var(--blue);text-decoration:underline}.all-articles-link{text-align:right;margin:26px 0 0}.all-articles-link a{font-weight:700;color:var(--blue)}

/* Approved interwoven symbol with the existing wordmark. */
.brand{flex-direction:row;align-items:center;gap:10px}.brand-wordmark{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.brand .brand-symbol{display:block;width:48px;height:48px;flex:none}.footer .brand{margin-bottom:16px}@media(max-width:1100px) and (min-width:801px){.navbar{gap:14px}#menu-main-menu{gap:14px}.brand{gap:6px}.brand .brand-symbol{width:38px;height:38px}}@media(max-width:800px){.brand{gap:6px}.brand .brand-symbol{width:34px;height:34px}}

/* Longform comparison topics. */
.topics-list>h1{margin-bottom:20px}.topics-intro{max-width:650px;margin-bottom:48px;color:#626b78}.topic-card{height:100%;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.topic-card>div{flex:1;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.topic-card>div>span{margin-top:auto}.topic-card .topic-meta{font-size:12px;color:#777;margin-bottom:12px}.topic-card img{height:auto;aspect-ratio:16/9;object-fit:cover}.topic-story{max-width:880px;padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:70px}.topic-story h1{font-size:38px}.topic-story .lead{font-size:20px;color:#566173}.topic-cover{margin:28px 0}.topic-cover img{max-height:470px;object-fit:cover}.topic-cover figcaption{font-size:12px;color:#717883;margin-top:10px}.topic-cover figcaption a{text-decoration:underline}.comparison-scroll{overflow-x:auto;margin:35px 0;overscroll-behavior-x:contain}.comparison-table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:540px;font-size:15px}.comparison-table caption{text-align:left;font-size:22px;font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:16px}.comparison-table th,.comparison-table td{padding:16px;border:1px solid #dde1e8;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}.comparison-table thead{background:#304269;color:white}.comparison-table tbody th{background:#f1f3f8;width:20%}.topic-related{margin-top:35px;padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid #ddd}.topic-related li{margin-bottom:12px}.topic-related a{color:var(--blue)}@media(max-width:800px){.topic-story{padding-top:30px}.topic-story h1{font-size:29px}.topic-story .lead{font-size:18px}.topic-cover img{max-height:300px}.comparison-table th,.comparison-table td{padding:12px}.topics-intro{margin-bottom:30px}}

.taiwan-feature{margin-bottom:64px}

.footer-disclaimer{border-top:1px solid #ffffff24;margin-top:32px;padding-top:24px;color:#c8c9cf;font-size:14px;line-height:1.8}.footer-disclaimer strong{color:#fff;font-size:16px}.footer-disclaimer p{margin:8px 0 0;max-width:1100px}

/* Readable hierarchy shared with BreadcrumbList metadata. */
.breadcrumbs{padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1rem;font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.7;color:#596170;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.breadcrumbs a{color:#3048a5}.breadcrumbs [aria-current]{color:#596170}

#scroll_progress_bar{width:100%;transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left;transition:none}

.photo-focus-0{object-position:35% 65%}.photo-focus-1{object-position:40% 40%}.photo-focus-2{object-position:45% 55%}.photo-focus-3{object-position:50% 43%}.photo-focus-4{object-position:50% 45%}.photo-focus-5{object-position:50% 47%}.photo-focus-6{object-position:50% 50%}.photo-focus-7{object-position:50% 54%}.photo-focus-8{object-position:50% 55%}.photo-focus-9{object-position:50% 58%}.photo-focus-10{object-position:50% 60%}.photo-focus-11{object-position:50% 65%}.photo-focus-12{object-position:60% 50%}.photo-focus-13{object-position:60% 55%}.photo-focus-14{object-position:60% 58%}.photo-focus-15{object-position:63% 56%}.photo-focus-16{object-position:65% 43%}
